Prostatitis in men is the most common urological disease in men. According to statistics, the number of men with this diagnosis is up to 8% of the male population worldwide, of which 1/3 are owners of the chronic form of the disease. In 40% of cases, chronic prostatitis in men is detected before the age of 40 years.
A distinctive feature of prostatitis is that its acute form is almost absent. As soon as it appears, it immediately takes a chronic form.
Cases of complete recovery (spontaneous or as a result of treatment) after the initial acute phase are small. The course of the disease is very slow and the symptoms of prostatitis often subside. Prostatitis manifests itself in three main syndromes: painful, sexual, and dysuric.
Causes of prostatitis in men
Causes of prostatitis are infections, stagnation in the prostate gland and a combination of these two factors. One of the predisposing factors for the development of chronic prostatitis is the presence of benign hyperplasia in the patient.
The infection can enter the prostate gland as follows:
- through the urethra through sexual contact, as a complication after infectious urethritis;
- through the blood from existing infections in the body (tooth decay, sinusitis, pneumonia and others);
- through lymph from inflamed internal organs (intestinal dysbiosis, hemorrhoids, inflammation of the rectum).
Most often, prostatitis in men is of a non-infectious nature (abacterial prostatitis). Its main reason is a violation of blood circulation in the prostate and surrounding organs as a result of the stagnation of secretions in it.
In the prostate gland, stagnation of secretion can occur due to the following factors:
- prolonged sexual abstinence;
- unrealized sexual contact after sexual arousal;
- broken relationships;
- damaged ejaculation.
Factors that predispose to the development of prostatitis:
- irregular sexual life;
- hypothermia;
- hypodynamics;
- chronic stress;
- chronic alcoholism and others.
Symptoms of prostatitis in men
- pain in the genital area;
- pain in groin, perineum, suprapubic region;
- frequent desire to urinate;
- painful sensations when urinating;
- bleeding pain;
- erectile defect or lack thereof.
Very often chronic prostatitis is predisposed to neurasthenia caused by the above disorders.
Pain in the prostate, as a rule, is of a radiant nature, i. e. radiating to the sacrum, perineum or scrotum. From the prostate there are nerve endings in all the organs of the small pelvis, so the pain is often given to the lower back. Their intensity is different - from subtle to pronounced, which even disrupt sleep. The pain may intensify, weaken with sexual abstinence, or, conversely, occur with excessive sexual activity or ejaculation. It should be noted that pain in the sacrum does not always indicate prostate - they may also indicate osteochondrosis.
How prostatitis manifests itself in men with a chronic form, here the situation is completely different. His performance is like a wave; periodic exacerbations are replaced by more or less prolonged remission, during which the disease does not appear in any way. In this case, men rarely go to the doctor, preferring to sit at home. However, this is not a way out of the situation, as prostatitis in men, its worsening, will progress over time. And, spreading through the genitourinary system, this will lead to the appearance of cystitis and pyelonephritis.
Prostatitis in men: consequences
As a rule, patients with acute prostate seek medical help in a timely manner. But if you do not go to the urologist in time, then there is a high probability of purulent focal inflammation - an abscess of the prostate gland. In this case, the body temperature can rise to 39-40 ° C, become swollen (drop in body temperature exceeds 1 ° C) and intense fever is periodically replaced by chills. The pain in the perineum is so pronounced that urination and defecation become extremely impossible. Gradually, the prostate gland swells and, as a result, urine retention occurs. Fortunately for the men themselves, they rarely bring themselves into such a state.
Vesiculitis is one of the most common complications of prostatitis, when the seminal vesicles become inflamed. And also epididymo-orchitis, characterized by inflammation of the testicles and their appendages. Treating chronic prostatitis in men caused by these diseases will be extremely difficult and time consuming.
Both diseases can lead to infertility. Everything described is more related to chronic prostatitis, which has a specific etiology and which has developed as a result of sexually transmitted diseases. How to treat prostatitis in men and medication treatment of any form is prescribed by a urologist.
Treatment of prostatitis in men
How to treat prostatitis in men depends on the form of the disease and its appearance. In the treatment of acute prostatitis, antibiotics are used, which penetrate well into the prostate gland tissue. The prescribing specialist must take into account all the individual characteristics of the disease, the state of the body's immune system and the presence of infectious agents. If the course of the disease is not complicated by anything, patients with acute prostate are treated only on an outpatient basis. Only patients with signs of severe and severe intoxication undergo hospitalization. Such physiotherapeutic methods are widely used: magnetic-laser-inductive therapy, reflexology, ultrasound, treatment of prostatitis with caterpillars. A good effect can be achieved by using herbal preparations (herbal medicines), enzymes, cytomediators, immunomodulators. Surgery for prostatitis is indicated in the following cases:
- a prostate abscess (trans-urethral or transrectal drainage of the abscess);
- acute urinary retention (puncture epicistostomy).
Treatment of chronic prostatitis in men is performed on an outpatient basis, but for a longer period. In addition to the use of antibiotics, suppositories and thermal treatments, prostate massages and reflexology are also performed. In addition, patients with prostatitis are recommended an active lifestyle and exclusion of alcoholic beverages and spicy foods from use.
Prevention of prostatitis in men
Timely treatment of prostatitis in men, as well as its prevention, contribute to a speedy recovery. As a preventive measure to prevent the development of chronic prostatitis, it is recommended:
- regular sex life;
- properly selected diet (varied and nutritious food, with the exception of spicy and irritating food);
- no alcohol abuse;
- moderate physical activity aimed at improving blood circulation to the organs of the genitourinary system and strengthening the muscles, Kegel exercises (tension of the perineum muscles by pulling the anus);
- adequate and timely treatment of infectious diseases of other organs;
- prevention of stagnation in the pelvis using physiotherapy methods.
To exclude recurrence of the disease - secondary prevention of prostatitis, which includes primary prevention and:
- regular preventive examinations with a urologist;
- passing preventive courses of treatment with fortification methods, multivitamins;
- physiotherapy methods (especially in the spring and autumn periods).